EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA IES EL Palo: Basketball rules.

RULES OF BASKETBALL. GROUP: 3ºESO.

1. Court.

It is a rectangle of 28m long and 15m wide .

2.Duration:

The match is divided into four periods of 10 minutes with stop watch and there is a break of 2 minutes between the first and the second period, and then between the third and fourth. There is also a break of 15 minutes after the first half (after the second period).

Every team can have two time-outs in any moment during the first half of the match (first and second period), and three time-outs in any moment of the second half (third and fourth period).And,an extra time for each period of overtime of 5 minutes.

The goal of this time is the comunication between coach and players. This time-out is one minute long.

The attack rally cannot be longer than 24 seconds.
Players have got::
a) 8 seconds to cross from the backcourt to the frontcourt.
b) 5 seconds to play the ball or to put the ball in play from the lines and to shoot a free throw.
c) No more than 3 seconds to stay inside the opponent restricting area.
d) 5 seconds to start bouncing, passing or throwing.

If the score is tied at the end of normal play (after the fourth period), the game shall continue with as many extra periods of five (5) minutes as is necessary to break the tie.

3. Scoring system.

You can get one, two or three points, depending on the place you are when throwing the ball. 

A goal from a free throw scores one (1) point.

A goal from the two-point field goal area scores two (2) points.

A goal from the three-point field goal area scores three (3) points

4. Players and specific functions.

Basketball is played by two (2) teams of five (5) players. The aim of each team is to score in the opponents' basket and to prevent the other team from scoring.
There are five players playing in each team and regarding their functions they are called: centre (pivot), forward(alero), guard(escolta), point guard (base).

5. Fouls, throw-in and penalisations.

We must distinguish between foul and violation.

VIOLATION: A violation is an infraction of the rules such as: walking or travelling,double dribble, carrying, backcourt...

-Travelling: Taking more than two steps without dribbling the ball, and moving your pivot foot once you have stopped dribbling.

-Carrying:When the player dribbles the ball with his hand too far to the side, or sometimes, even under the ball.

-Double dribble: Dribbling the ball with both hands on the ball at the same time or picking up the dribble and then dribbling again.

-Over and back: Once the offence has brought the ball across the mid-court line, they cannot go back across the line during possesion. If they do, the ball is awarded to the other team.

FOUL:A foul is an infraction of the rules concerning illegal personal contact with an opponent and/or unsportsmanlike behaviour.
Each foul shall be charged, entered on the score sheet against the offender and penalised.

The ball shall be awarded to the opponents for a throw-in at the place nearest to the infraction, except directly behind the backboard.

A player who has committed five (5) fouls, personal and/or technical, shall be informed by an official and must leave the game immediately. He must be substituted within thirty (30) seconds.

If the foul is committed while the player is throwing,the player is rewarded to throw two or three times, depending on the place the player was throwing the ball before the foul.

A team is in a team foul penalty situation when it has committed four (4) team fouls in a period.When a team is in a team foul penalty situation, all subsequent player personal fouls committed on a player not in the act of shooting shall be penalised by two (2) free throws, instead of a throw-in.

6. Throws.

a.Jump ball: The first period begins when the ball leaves the hand(s) of the referee on the jump ball. A jump ball occurs when an official tosses the ball in the centre circle between any two (2) opponents at the beginning of the first period.
Each jumper shall stand with both feet inside the half of the centre circle nearest to his team’s own basket with one foot close to the centre line.
Team-mates may not occupy adjacent positions around the circle if an opponent wishes to occupy one of those positions
.The ball must be tapped with the hand(s) of at least one of the jumpers after it reaches its highest point.
Neither jumper shall leave his position until the ball has been legally tapped.
Neither jumper may catch the ball or tap it more than twice until it has touched one of the non-jumpers or the floor.

b. Back line: It is made after making a basket or when the ball goes out at this point line.
c. Throw-in: The player shall take the throw-in at the place nearest to the infraction or where the game was stopped by the official, except directly behind the backboard.
At the beginning of all periods other than the first period, the throw-in is made.
You have five seconds to take the throw-in and you cannot step the line.

d.Central jump: It is made when players make the ball return to the backcourt, technical foul ,and intentional foul .

e.Referee:A held ball occurs when one or more players of each opposing team have one or both hands firmly on the ball so that neither player can gain control without undue roughness. It is made in the closest circle.

7. The game:

The team with most points wins.
You can take a maximum of two steps without bouncing as long as the ball is in the air or players are running.
You are not allowed to make contact with an opponent if you get an advantage using your body.

VOCABULARY:

Foul: Falta                                                     time-outs: Tiempo muerto

Free throw: Tiro libre    overtime: prórroga

goal: objetivo               closest: más cercano

throw-in: saque de banda                               court: pista

over and back: campo atrás

8.Free throw

A free throw is an opportunity given to a player to score.
The shooter has a maximum of 5 seconds to throw the ball.
Players next to the free-throw line are allowed alternating positions.
Players cannot enter the restricted zone until the ball has been thrown.
The other players must be behind the 3 points area until the ball touches the rim.